Integrating Concrete and Virtual Manipulatives in Early Childhood Mathematics
Fundamental Questions (1): What are manipulatives in mathematics? Concrete Manipulatives Concrete manipulatives are physical objects students can manipulate when working through mathematical problems. These manipulatives offer students a “hands-on” (Rosen, D., & Hoffman, J, 2009, p. 26) experience to promote students to obtain a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts and make real-world connections to their learning.…
